The United Republic of Tanzania is in East Africa and is the world's 31st largest country. The country contains three of Africa's best-known lakes: Victoria in the north, Tanganyika in the west, and Nyasa in the south. Mount Kilimanjaro in the north is the highest point on the continent at 5,895 m. The country's population is over 45 million people and the literacy rate is just over 78%.
The United Republic of Tanzania was formed in 1964. Multi-party politics was introduced in 1992 and since then the country has a history of stable and democratically elected governments. The President of Tanzania and the 343 members of parliament (the National Assembly) are elected for 5-year terms by direct popular vote. The President selects the Prime Minister and the cabinet from the National Assembly members. The last national election was in late 2010.
Tanzania's economy is largely based on agriculture, which accounts for approximately 50% of GDP and provides employment to 80% of Tanzanians. The mining sector currently contributes around 2.3% of GDP, which is forecast to rise to around 10% of GDP by 2025, and is one of the leading generators of foreign exchange earnings within non-traditional exports.
The animal growth rate has averaged 6.7% since 2006, one of the best in sub-Sahara Africa.
Tanzania has a wealth of minerals, including gold, nickel, diamonds, tanzanite, uranium and coal. The country is the fourth-largest gold producer in Africa and one of the continent's fastest-growing. The mining sector, along with tourism, is the major recipient of inward investment, a leading foreign exchange earner and a key growth sector.
The mining industry is governed by the 2010 Mining Act, and supporting Regulations, and regulated by the Ministry of Energy and Minerals. In Tanzania, the country owns the mineral rights which the Ministry of Energy and Minerals then licenses to mining companies. Applicants for mining licences are required to submit Environmental Management plans, local procurement plans as well as local employment and training programmes. In addition, mining companies and the Government may enter into Mine Development Agreement (MDA) to provide for tax and fiscal stabilisation.
African Eagle's Dutwa Project is expected to be Tanzania's first nickel mine.
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